Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts (fluid-filled sacs) on the ovaries, as well as an imbalance in hormones, particularly high levels of androgens (male hormones) and insulin.
PCOS can also increase the risk of developing other health problems, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease. However, with proper management and treatment, many women with PCOS are able to control their symptoms and maintain good health.
PCOS is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical exams, blood tests to measure hormone levels, and imaging tests such as an ultrasound to check for cysts on the ovaries. A healthcare provider will also review a patient's medical history and ask about any symptoms they may be experiencing.
There is no known way to prevent PCOS, as the exact cause is not fully understood. However, maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise may help reduce the risk of developing PCOS or managing symptoms in those who already have it.